Trucks, also known as lorry trucks or cargo transport trucks, generally called trucks, refer to automobiles that are mainly used to transport goods, and sometimes also refer to cars that can tow other vehicles, and belong to the category of commercial vehicles. Generally, it can be divided into heavy and light according to the weight of the vehicles. Most trucks are powered by diesel engines, but some light trucks use gasoline, petroleum gas or natural gas. Trucks are divided into miniature trucks, light trucks, medium trucks, heavy trucks, and super heavy trucks according to the carrying tonnage.
Truck Classification:
●Mini truck: The total mass is less than 1.8 tons.
●Light truck: The total mass is 1.8-6 tons.
●Medium truck: The total mass is 6-14 tons.
●Heavy duty truck: The total mass is 14-100 tons.
●Super heavy truck: The total mass is more than 100 tons.
Since the first domestic heavy-duty truck was trial-manufactured in Jinan Automobile Factory in April 1960, China's heavy-duty trucks have experienced more than 50 years of ups and downs. China's heavy-duty trucks have gone through three stages of development from scratch, from weak to strong.
History of truck development
●The first stage (1953-1983): technology introduction
After the founding of New China, it mainly introduced the technology of heavy-duty trucks from the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries, and established the production capacity of heavy-duty trucks. At this stage, China has established heavy-duty automobile enterprises such as Sichuan Automobile, Shaanxi Automobile, Jiqi Automobile, YTO, and Hebei Long March. Preliminary establishment of heavy-duty vehicle and parts industrial system.
●The second stage (1984-1999): independent development
The introduction of a complete set of Austrian Steyr technology was the biggest event in the heavy-duty car rental industry in the 1980s. During this period, due to the blockade of Western countries and the changes in the Soviet Union and East, foreign cooperation was restrained. However, the introduction of Steyr's advanced technology and production equipment has greatly improved The production capacity, production scale, production process and production technology level of China's heavy-duty trucks have been greatly changed, and the appearance of China's heavy-duty truck industry has been fundamentally changed.
●The third stage (2000-present): joint venture and cooperation
After 2000, the heavy-duty truck market developed rapidly, but the development of product technology lagged behind the market demand, and there was an urgent need for heavy-duty truck companies to improve product technology. At this stage, the product technology and quality level of China's heavy trucks have been rapidly improved. In particular, the models represented by Sinotruk C7 series are comparable to European mainstream heavy truck products.
According to the data, my country's truck production is gradually increasing, from 2.735 million in 2015 to 4.239 million in 2020, a year-on-year increase of 13.46%.
According to the data, the sales volume of trucks in my country gradually increased from 2016 to 2018, from 2.9633 million units in 2016 to 3.7581 million units in 2018, a year-on-year increase of 11.31%; the sales volume from January to September 2019 reached 10,000 units, a year-on-year decrease of 2.65% %.
From the perspective of regional distribution of truck sales, truck sales from January to August 2020 were mainly distributed in provinces such as Shandong, Hebei, Guangdong, and Henan. Concentration has improved.
Judging from the competitive landscape of truck market companies, the market concentration of the top 10 companies in terms of sales volume is 69.6%, an increase of 2.7 percentage points compared to the same period in 2019, and the concentration of companies has risen slightly. From January to August 2020, a total of 703 companies in the truck market achieved sales, with an average sales volume of 3,894 vehicles per company. The sales of the top 9 companies all exceeded 100,000 vehicles, of which Beiqi Foton sold 355,000 vehicles. The group sold 307,000 vehicles, accounting for 13.0% and 11.2% respectively.
Heavy-duty trucks are an indispensable road vehicle in the transportation industry. Heavy-duty trucks in my country are mainly used in the fields of logistics transportation and engineering construction. According to the data, the sales of heavy trucks in 2020 increased by 36.14% year-on-year, and the annual sales in 2020 reached 1.62 million units, a record high. Sales of light trucks were 2.2 million, a year-on-year increase of 15.79%.
According to the data, in the consumption structure of my country's truck market in 2020, light trucks accounted for 47.97%, ranking first-; heavy trucks accounted for 32.82%, accounting for second; among them, mini trucks ranked third, with a ratio of 15.89 %.
According to the specific market demand, heavy trucks can be divided into different types, mainly including tractors, trucks, engineering vehicles and so on. Among them, heavy-duty trucks accounted for 17.13%, engineering vehicles accounted for 8.83%, and trucks accounted for 6.86%.
From the perspective of my country's truck exports, China's truck export volume from January to March 2021 was 74,613, a year-on-year increase of 115.3%; from January to March 2021, China's truck export value was US$1,170 million, a year-on-year increase of 143.5%.
At present, users in the market tend to choose high horsepower, mainly to meet the timeliness of transportation. The power performance has obvious advantages in climbing. The high-power diesel engine reflects low speed and high torque. When the vehicle starts and climbs, the power is sufficient, making the engine economic speed zone Widening, vehicles can operate efficiently, effectively shorten the transportation time of a single route, and improve efficiency.
| Market segments | Status quo | Development trend |
| Daily industry: | Younger users, lighter weight, and mature vehicle network technology | High-end comfort, low wind resistance, low rolling resistance, light weight, high efficiency, etc. to promote automatic driving Taste.
Driving and queue driving have become new trends in the development of long-distance logistics vehicles |
| Express | The rapid development of e-commerce and express delivery industry | Development in the direction of high efficiency, high reliability, intelligence, and long-term maintenance |
| Port transportation: | Put forward higher requirements for transportation efficiency and cost control, complete vehicle products. Tend to all electric, intelligent network connection, unmanned driving | Complete vehicle products that meet cloud control and real-time monitoring, intelligent safety, and networking |
| Hazardous goods transportation. | Urban low-carbon transportation and traffic safety requirements | Lightweight, energy saving and environmental protection, active safety, centralized supervision and transportation of Internet of Vehicles |
